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What are the transportation options for automobile export
Feb 28, 2024|
View:119The cross-border transportation of automobiles has also been attracting much attention due to the large increase in automobile exports. At present our country automobile exports several kinds of transportation modes, including ro-ro ship transportation, container sea transportation and railway transportation, cage car and so on. Today, these modes of transportation will be explained in detail, and their advantages and disadvantages will be listed, so that your business partners can choose the mode of transportation more reasonably.
1. Sea freight - ro-ro transport
Perhaps the most familiar form of car transport is ro-ro, also known as a car carrier. The main purpose of ro-ro ship is to transport vehicles, so it is appropriate to use ro-ro ship to transport a large number of vehicles. The vehicles can be transported directly into the ro-ro ship, and there are special vehicle parking places (similar to parking lots) and vehicle fixed devices in the ro-ro ship, safety and loading and unloading efficiency are very high, and the supervision and inspection is relatively simple.
Its main disadvantage is that there are few transport resources. Previously, due to hot orders, it was often difficult to find the first cabin of the car ship.
Byd, a representative enterprise of new energy vehicles going to sea, has officially entered the field of ro-ro shipping business. The first RO-ro shipping ship, Pioneer 1, was shipped in Xiaomo Port on its maiden voyage in January this year. Seven vessels of the same type are scheduled to be put into operation in the next two years to alleviate the problem of insufficient export capacity.
2. Ocean transportation - container transportation
Container transport vehicles load vehicles into containers for transportation through container vehicle support technology, and the volume of containers is fixed, so it is necessary to develop professional loading and unloading schemes according to the length and height of vehicles.
Advantages: There are more container ships than RO-RO ships, so the sea freight price is more appropriate, and almost all ports have container ships attached, so it will be more convenient to book space through container ships.
Disadvantages: The way of container transport also has certain restrictions, for example, some ultra-high and ultra-long large vehicles are sometimes not suitable for container transport, and when using container transport, we should be careful to load and unload, transport and other process of friction, it is difficult to unpack at the destination port.
3. Rail-container transport
Railway containers are shipped in the same way as shipping containers, with four cars loaded into containers according to vehicle size through container whole vehicle support technology.
Advantages: Compared with sea transport, rail transport is less affected by climate and natural conditions, and takes relatively less time. Sea transport to Europe takes 40 days, while the China-Europe freight train only takes about 20 days.
Disadvantages: Compared with sea freight, there are fewer stations on conventional lines of freight trains, and the number of whole trains is limited, and the carrying quantity is relatively small. The full load of railway package transport is only 55 containers (40HQ), according to the conventional vehicle load of 3 units, the full load can load 165 units.
4. Railway-jsq cage car transportation
JSQ type double-deck concave bottom freight train is a special carriage of professional transport vehicles in railway transportation, which has the biggest advantage over container train.
Advantages: compared with railway container transportation reinforcement, JSQ cage car through the ground lock to the vehicle reinforcement, fast, convenient, safe;
On September 17, 2022, China Railway Group issued a notice to lift restrictions on railway transportation of new energy vehicles, and included the whole JSQ train in the statistics of China-Europe freight train, which can use the China-Europe freight train export plan. For a time, the upsurge of JSQ shipment emerged everywhere, which brought this mode of transportation back to the public. Not long ago, there was a China-Europe freight train JSQ commercial car special train, from Chongqing Yongchuan district Lanlantan station, loaded with a total value of about 42 million yuan of cars directly to Europe.
Disadvantages: The shipment plan and carriages need to be applied for by the whole train, which must be enough for the whole train to be shipped, and the arrival station is less than that of railway container transportation.
5. Automobile transport - cage transport
Car cage car transport is divided into two layers of special transport of cars to check tools, according to the different size, can transport 8 cars at a time, without forklift can be on the board, to avoid problems in the process of transportation and loading and unloading. The cage car has a special fixed device, before and after the left and right fixed, the following blocking slot lock, there is a safety buffer between the car and the car. It is the most popular mode of transportation in China, Russia and Central Asia.
Advantages: high flexibility of the line, and less transportation restrictions, simple procedures.
Disadvantages: only suitable for short distance transportation in neighboring countries, not suitable for long distance transportation; The carrying capacity is relatively low and due to the exposure of the vehicle during transport, it is greatly affected by the weather.
The above is the comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of various automobile export transportation modes. However, the choice of mode also needs to be comprehensively considered according to the actual situation of export country, cargo quantity, budget cost and so on. Especially for new energy vehicles, the precautions for transportation and declaration are more complicated.
